D. Pedro and D. Maria Medal - Campaigns of Liberty

MEDALHA DE D. PEDRO E D. MARIA
"CAMPANHAS DA LIBERDADE" / "SERVIÇOS CIVIS"

HISTORY AND REGULATIONS

Officially designated as D. Pedro and D. Maria Medal (referring to D. Pedro IV and D. Maria II), it was created by decree of the Secretary of State for Affairs of War, in October 16, 1861, and published in the Order of the Army nr. 24 the same year. 

It was intended to “give a public testimony of the […] benevolence to those which, with admirable perseverance, and beyond seemingly unconquerable difficulties, supported” (translated quotation from the decree) the cause of Portuguese Liberalism, during the Civil War fought from 1828 to 1834, between the Liberals and the Absolutists (or Miguelists, referring to D. Miguel).

DESIGN

The medal, with 3 cm diameter, has in the OBVERSE the superimposed effigies of D. Maria II and D. Pedro IV, with the dates 1828-1834 in the lower part, in 2 lines. The REVERSE has the encircling legend "Campanhas da Liberdade" (Campaigns of Liberty) or "Serviços Civis" (Civil Services), depending on the, respectively, military or civilian nature of the services. In the center of the reverse a number, between 1 and 9, corresponding to the number of years served.

The pendant is suspended from a dark blue ribbon, with a narrow white vertical line in the center, for the military service, or dark blue with narrow white vertical lines on the edge, for the civilian services.

Simple ribbons

Campanhas da Liberdade (military)

Serviços Civis (civilians)

Auxiliary Division to Spain Medal (1835-37)

Medalha da Divisão Auxiliar a Espanha

HISTORY AND REGULATIONS

By decree of December 12, 1863, published in the Order of the Army nr. 52 (Dec. 16, 1863), a medal was created to commemorate the services of the military in the Auxiliary Division who served in Spain between 1835 and 1837, during the 1st Carlist War.

DESIGN

Medals with 3 cm diameter, SILVER for officers and COPPER for enlisted men.

OBSVERSE: the legend “HESPANHA”, with “1835 A 1837” below;
REVERSE: the legend “DIVISÃO AUXILIAR”.

Simple ribbon

SAIBA MAIS EM:

- RODRIGUES, Manuel Ribeiro, “DIVISÃO AUXILIAR A ESPANHA - 1835 A 1837” in: http://www.portugalweb.net/historia/viriatus/Carlista_01.asp.htm [em português]

Imagem ao topo

- Augusto Ferrer-Dalmau, "Calderote" in: wikicommons

Queen D. Amélia Medal (Campaigns)

MEDALHA DA RAINHA DONA AMÉLIA

HISTORY AND REGULATIONS

The Queen D. Amélia Medal was created in December 23, 1895 to commemorate 2 specific overseas campaigns – Mozambique (1894-1895) and India (1895). Both campaigns were very popular among the Portuguese public, especially Mozambique, which resulted in a victory over the Gaza Empire and its sovereign Gungunhana.

The medal had three degrees, gold, for chiefs of Force, silver for all other officers and copper for NCO and enlisted.

With the increasing Portuguese involvement in the pacification of its empire, it’s decided, in June 6, 1896, to extend the medal to new overseas campaigns. Each new medal would have a different reverse, as well as a different inside color on the ribbon.

In December 11, 1902, a third alteration is made, which transformed the decoration into a general service medal, with the same ribbon, obverse and reverse, but with different clasps for each new campaign. It remains so until the instauration of the Republic in 1910.

The Portuguese Army Campaigns Commemorative medal, in 1916, is its immediate heir, being that all clasps before 1910 could be used in the new medal.

DESIGN

For the medal after 1902, serving as a general service medal:

OBVERSE: Effigy of Queen D. Amélia;
REVERSE: Legend "CAMPANHAS DO ULTRAMAR" (Overseas Campaigns), and a laurel encircling to the left.

NOTES

CLASPS APPROVED FOR THIS MEDAL

DATE	[FULL NAME] LEGEND
23/11/95	[EXPEDIÇÃO A] MOÇAMBIQUE 1894-1895 (*)
23/11/95	[EXPEDIÇÃO À] INDIA 1895 (*)
28/8/97	[EXPEDIÇÃO CONTRA OS] NAMARRÃES 1896 (*)
4/11/97	[EXPEDIÇÃO À] INDIA 1896 (*)
8/11/97	[CAMPANHA DE] TIMOR 1896 (*)
14/12/97	[OPERAÇÕES EM] GAZA 1896 (*)
31/12/97	[GUERRA DE] TIMOR 1895 (*)
19/1/99	[CAMPANHA DO] HUMBE 1898 (*)
19/7/1901	[GUERRA DE] TIMOR 1900 (*)
-	ZAMBEZIA 1897 (**)
-	ZAMBEZIA 1898 (**)
-	NYASSA 1899 (**)
11/12/02	OIO 1902
11/12/02	BAILUNDO 1902
11/12/02	BARUÉ 1902
-	SELLES 1902-1903
-	MULONDO 1905
-	CUAMATO 1907
-	DEMBOS 1907
-	DEMBOS 1907-1908
-	GUINÉ 1908
-	ANGOCHE 1910

(*) - Own commemorative medal before 1902;
(**) - Probably own commemorative medal before 1902.

[EXPEDIÇÃO A] = EXPEDITION TO
[EXPEDIÇÃO CONTRA OS] = EXPEDITION AGAINST THE
[GUERRA DE] = WAR OF
[CAMPANHA DO/DE] = CAMPAIGN OF
[OPERAÇÕES EM] = OPERATION IN

Fair Guide: Medalha Militar 1863